The Macron law, enacted in 2015 in France, is drawing both praise and criticism. It aims to stimulate the economy and promote growthThis was made possible by measures to simplify administration and make the labor market more flexible. However, some critics point out that risks to workers' rights and the weakening of social dialogue. The law remains the subject of heated debate in the country.
Macron on Hanukkah at the Elysée Palace: "We have to keep our wits about us".
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What is the Macron law?
The Macron law, also known as the "law for growth, activity and equal economic opportunity", is a law passed in France in 2015. It was enacted with the aim of stimulating the French economy and fostering growth and employment.
What are the key points of the Macron law?
The Macron law includes several important measures, including :
1. Liberalization of the labor market: This law introduces measures to make labor market rules more flexible, such as simplifying redundancy procedures and facilitating fixed-term employment contracts.
2. Opening up the regulated professions: The aim of the law is to open up certain regulated professions, such as notaries and bailiffs, to competition, thereby fostering greater competitiveness.
3. Administrative simplification : The law provides for measures to simplify administrative procedures for businesses, notably by reducing timeframes and simplifying procedures for setting up a business.
4. Improving professional mobility : The law facilitates professional mobility by reinforcing the personal training account, enabling the portability of training rights and facilitating professional retraining.
5. Transport modernization : The Macron law introduces measures to modernize the transport sector, notably by opening up the coach market to compete with rail transport.
However, it should be noted that the Macron law has been criticized by some unions and left-wing parties, who feel that it favors companies more than employees.
What influence have the El Khomri law and the Macron ordinances had on the hierarchy of standards in French labor law?
The El Khomri law, enacted in 2016, and the Macron ordinances, implemented in 2017, have had a major impact on the hierarchy of standards in French labor law. These reforms sought to make labor market rules more flexible and simplify employer-employee relations.
Previously, the French Labor Code was the highest standard of employee protection, and collective agreements could not derogate from its provisions. However, with the adoption of the El Khomri law and the Macron ordinances, company agreements have gained in importance and can now derogate from certain provisions of the Labor Code.
So.., the hierarchy of standards has been modified, favoring company agreements over collective bargaining agreements. Companies can now negotiate agreements that apply directly to employees, even if they are less favorable than the provisions of their branch's collective bargaining agreement.
This reform has been highly controversial in France, provoking numerous demonstrations and strikes. Opponents felt that the changes would weaken employee protection and facilitate layoffs. On the other hand, supporters of the reform argued that it was necessary to stimulate employment and the competitiveness of French companies.
In conclusion, the El Khomri law and the Macron ordinances have reshaped the hierarchy of standards in French labor law, giving greater weight to company agreements to the detriment of collective bargaining agreements. These reforms generated intense debate and continue to have major implications for labor relations in France.
What are the objectives of the Macron ordinances?
The objectives of the Macron ordinances are to reforming the labor code in France. These reforms were presented as aimed at improving the competitiveness of French businesses, encouraging employment and fostering economic growth. Key measures include merging employee representative bodies (CE, DP, CHSCT) into a single entity called the "Social and Economic Committee" (CSE). simplification of dismissal proceduresthe limitation of compensation in the event of unfair dismissal, and the possibility of direct negotiation at company level on certain subjects previously governed by the professional branch. These reforms have provoked strong reactions and controversy in France, with critics pointing to the increased precariousness of workers and the undermining of social rights.
In conclusion, the Macron law has both advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, it facilitates access to certain regulated professions, thereby promoting competition. On the other, it encourages innovation by easing the rules for businesses. However, it must be stressed that this law has also attracted a great deal of criticism. Some believe that it weakens employee rights by facilitating redundancies or limiting the power of trade unions. In addition, certain sectors such as cabs and notaries feel threatened by the opening up to competition. It is therefore important to weigh up the pros and cons before drawing any definitive conclusions on the impact of the Macron Law.
